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“Hands on” approach with injuries relating to structures forming joints, together with associated muscles, connective tissues (ligaments and tendons), and nerve tissue. Manual therapy may include deep tissue techniques in the form of massage or friction, joint mobilization, and/or soft tissue (e.g. muscles and nerves) mobilization. Manual therapy may also involve manipulation of the joints or spine by a skilled professional. This involves moving a joint beyond its dysfunctional motion limits but still within its anatomical limits. A manipulative technique indicated that a controlled high speed and localized thrust is performed which may or man not result the patient experiencing a “popping” sensation that is usually painless.
The goal of manual therapy techniques is to reduce pain and restore movement and function to joints and accompanying soft tissue structures.
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1) Thermal Modalities This involves the use of warm or cold agents to help in the rehabilitation of injuries. Their uses may assist in increasing blood flow, decreasing swelling and inflammation, increasing mobility, and decreasing pain. Thermal modalities include, but are not limited to, moist heating packs, therapeutic ultrasound, extremity whirl pools, contrast baths, and ice packs.
2) Electrical Modalities
This involves the use of electrical agents to help in the rehabilitation of injuries. Comfortable stimulation of the tissue may assist in increasing blood flow, decreasing swelling and inflammation, increasing mobility, increasing function, and decreasing pain. Electrical modalities include, but are not limited to, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), Interferential Current (IFC), therapeutic ultrasound, Neuromuscular Electrical Nerve Stimulation (NMES/EMS), and Biofeedback devices.
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